Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPIs)

Pre-paid Payment Instruments (PPIs) are payment instruments that facilitate transactions like purchase of goods and services, including funds transfer, against the value stored on such instruments. The value stored on PPIs represents the value paid by the holders by cash through a bank account etc. There are large variety of PPIs including smart cards, magnetic...

Exchange Rate Management in India

Introduction: Exchange rate is simply value of a currency in terms of another currency. The buyers and sellers of foreign currency includes the, brokers, students,, commercial banks, central banks, individual firms, foreign exchange brokers etc. The system of exchange rate works through the facility provided by the key players of the markets. The major functions...