UN human Report on Kashmir -2018

In news:

Soon after the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights released its first-ever report on the situation of human rights in Kashmir.

Issue:

• UN Human Rights Council’s report on Kashmir is so fatally flawed.
• Debating its accuracy, fairness, methodology or motive is a waste of time as it merely gives another reason for India and Pakistan to fight.

Why is the report flawed?

• In many ways, the Kashmir situation is back to the perilous 1990s.
• Content – The report pricks India for its human rights record in Kashmir and equally questions Pakistan with allegations of supporting terrorism.
• But neither allegation is likely to have any impact – as India believes that it is fight a nasty proxy war, and Pakistan believes that it is on a moral campaign.
• Notably, such accusations are already aplenty and both countries wear them like badges of honour rather than disgust.
• It swears by false hopes, which would to lead to greater polarisation of the issues with both India and Pakistan likely to harden their stands.
• Incompetence – The UN report is hence at best lacklustre and is wholly superficial with little groundwork and insufficient knowledge of the situation.
• The report is a clear case of UN delegating its responsibilities to NGO-type activists with little administrative oversight.
• While activists taking the lead is welcome, it is a dangerous precedent for the UN to abdicate from its supervisory role altogether.
• The report can also potentially damage those it sets out to defend and is an indication of the extent of UN incompetence.

How were the previous situations in Kashmir handled?

• Violence- 1989-1994 is regarded as the worst phase of Kashmiri unrest, which was triggered due to a weak coalition government at the centre.
• The government headed by V.P. Singh and propped up by BJP and the Communists from outside, both of had radically different views on Kashmir.
• While the BJP wanted a muscular approach, the left and the others within the government wanted a softer and reconciliation oriented approach.
• This led to indecisiveness, and helped Kashmiri extremism gain steam, and precipitated in a cruel and violent campaign against Kashmiri Pundits.
• Suppression – The situation slowly morphed into a full-fledged proxy war against the Pakistani–insurgents, which engulfed much of Kashmir.
• It was only after a clear sighted and hard fisted campaign under next PM Narasimha Rao, that the kashmiri situation was brought under control.
• Notably, Mr. Rao had given the military a free hand, and his reign was when there were large scale accusations of human rights abuses.
• International Action – Akin to today, the 1990s also saw intense pressure on India from the UN and multiple human rights groups.
• Back then, the union government had got a resolution passed unanimously in the parliament for full recovery of Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir.
• A bipartisan delegation led by opposition leader A.B. Vajpayee, proceeded to the UN and won the historic Geneva vote on the same.
• Notably, the current episode of UN involvement is also seeing opposition closing ranks with the government, mainly due to the irresponsible report.

What is the current political situation?

• India has rejected the UN report for formally asking for self-determination of Kashmiris, which implies giving credibility to secessionists.
• Interestingly, Pakistan too hasn’t accepted self-determination and it also wasn’t part of the UN’s 1948 resolution on Kashmir.
• Notably, the 1972 Shimla Agreement (between India and Pakistan) also redefined Kashmir as a purely bilateral issue, and left little scope for plebiscite.
• Kashmiri politics has currently lost credibility, human rights pressures are increasing, and LoC remains tense due to border aggression.
• Despite the brute majority of the Modi government, the Kashmir policy seems to be faltering due to lack of strategic thinking and planning.
• Hence, the ground situation sounds like a return to the 1990s unrest.

 

Source: Business Standard